This report provides an in-depth analysis of the importance of low-carbon development under the global climate change agenda，highlighting the global influence of the European Union as a leader in low-carbon development policies. The report system evaluates the historical evolution and latest progress of the EU’s low-carbon policy，as well as its profound impact on the economy，environment，and society. It reveals how the EU promotes green and low-carbon transformation of the economy and society through a series of innovative policy measures，and plays a leading role in global climate governance. The development process of the EU’s low-carbon policy reflects a gradual deepening process from initial emission reduction commitments to the formation of quantitative targets，and then to the establishment of carbon neutrality strategic goals. Especially with the proposal of the European Green Agreement，it marks a new stage of comprehensive and in-depth promotion of the EU’s low-carbon policy. In 2023，the EU further strengthened its low-carbon policy by passing key legislation such as the Green Agreement Industrial Plan，Net Zero Industry Act，and Key Raw Materials Act，aimed at enhancing the manufacturing capacity of net zero technology and products，ensuring energy security，creating green employment，and promoting economic growth. This report not only outlines the main content and characteristics of the EU’s low-carbon policy，but also analyzes its effectiveness and challenges. At the same time，it points out the positive demonstration effect of the EU’s low-carbon development policy on global climate action，providing useful reference for other countries and regions to formulate and implement low-carbon policies.