2023～2024年，世界百年变局加速演进，对抗逐渐成为大国关系的主基调。地缘政治冲突呈现长期化发展趋势，区域安全格局进入深度调整期。“全球南方”群体性崛起，推动全球治理体系改革的呼声渐涨，但集体行动困境不容忽视。为应对气候变化，大国在能源转型进程中的博弈越发激烈。人工智能等前沿科技发展迅速，由此导致的治理难题引发高度关注。全球进入“超级大选年”，部分国家内政外交政策可能发生重大调整，国际体系面临较大不确定性。全球顶尖智库和研究机构围绕上述问题进行了深入研究。本报告对这些最新研究成果进行了系统梳理。
From 2023 to 2024，the accelerating evolution amid global profound changes unseen in a century has positioned confrontation as the primary theme in relations among major powers. Geopolitical conflicts are showing signs of becoming prolonged，while regional security frameworks are undergoing significant adjustments. The collective rise of the Global South has amplified calls for reforming the global governance system，though challenges in collective action persist. In response to climate change，major powers are increasingly competing in the process of energy transition. Rapid advancements in frontier technologies such as artificial intelligence have brought forth complex governance challenges that are drawing substantial attention. As the world enters a “super election year，” potential shifts in both domestic and foreign policies of certain countries add considerable uncertainties to the world. Leading global think tanks and research institutions have conducted in-depth studies on these issues. This chapter provides a systematic review of the latest research findings.
