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博弈论视角下毒品犯罪治理问题(2024)——以G省B村毒品犯罪治理为切入点

文章摘要

面对日趋严峻的禁毒形势,各国探索了“一体两借两断”、“网格化”、“多学科综合”等毒品犯罪治理体系,但均存在一定局限性。博弈论的引入则提供了新思路:基于G省B村毒品犯罪治理情况搭建的博弈平台分析发现,博弈主体在形成阶段易出现信息不对称现象,引发“逆向选择”等问题;在决策阶段,犯罪发生场域是影响犯罪决策的关键;在终局阶段,仅靠刑罚威慑或福利政策无法得到博弈均衡的最优解。为消弭治理罅隙,从“未然、在然、已然”阶段构建毒品治理体系:其一促进信息充分流转,促使犯罪决策者做出“正向选择”;其二把控时空因素,严控犯罪场,防止客观毒品犯罪行为的形成;其三以控需为主导,抑制毒品滥用,减少需求市场,管控毒品替代品并加强反洗钱合作,从而形成动态三层次毒品犯罪综合治理体系。

Abstract

Faced with the increasingly severe situation of drug control,countries have explored drug crime governance systems such as“one body,two borrowing,two cutting”,“grid based”,and“multidisciplinary comprehensive”,but all of them have certain limitations.The introduction of game theory provides a new approach:Based on the analysis of the drug crime governance situation in B village of G province,a game platform is built to discover that the game subjects are prone to information asymmetry during the formation stage,which can lead to problems such as“adverse selection”;In the decision-making stage,the crime scene is the key factor affecting criminal decision-making;In the final stage,relying solely on criminal deterrence or welfare policies cannot obtain the optimal solution of the game equilibrium.To eliminate governance gaps,a drug governance system is constructed from the stages of“in the future,in the present,and already”.Firstly,it promotes the symmetric and full flow of information,and encourages criminal decision-makers to make“positive choices”;Secondly,control the temporal and spatial factors,strictly control the crime scene,and prevent the formation of objective drug crimes;The third priority is to control demand,suppress drug abuse,reduce the demand market,control drug substitutes,and strengthen anti money laundering cooperation,thus forming a three-level dynamic comprehensive governance system for drug crimes.

作者简介
李春:李春,云南大学法学院教授,主要研究方向为刑法学、犯罪学。
郭昌宁:郭昌宁,云南大学法学院硕士研究生,主要研究方向为刑法学。