Vietnam is a maritime country with a long coastline and abundant Marine resources. After the reunification of the North and the South in 1975，the development of Vietnam’s Marine economy roughly experienced three stages，that is，after the reunification of the north and the South，the focus of Vietnam’s Marine policy was to occupy the disputed islands，and the offshore oil industry became an important industry for economic recovery and export to earn foreign exchange；In 1986，the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam opened the prelude to Vietnam’s innovation and opening up. Vietnam’s Marine economy gradually entered the fast lane，and major Marine industries gradually formed and developed. In 2007，Vietnam promulgated the Marine Strategic Plan to 2020，marking a new stage in the development of Vietnam’s Marine economy，the establishment of the strategy of becoming a maritime power，the accelerated development of major Marine industries，Marine fisheries，Marine oil and gas，Marine transportation，Marine shipping，coastal industry and coastal tourism have become the leading sectors of the Marine economy. However，Vietnam’s Marine economy has obvious export-oriented characteristics，its development is still subject to changes in the international market demand，the Marine industry is facing the pressure of transformation and upgrading，there are problems in corporate governance and operational efficiency of state-owned enterprises involved in the sea，and the degradation and pollution of the Marine environment are becoming increasingly serious.