The laws of India，Pakistan，and Iran belong to the common law system and the religious law system. The accession of the three countries to the Shanghai Cooperation Organization（SCO）will bring new factors to its judicial cooperation. In terms of criminal judicature，the six founding members of the SCO all have the civil law tradition and the socialist legal tradition. The procuratorate organs of these countries not only have independence but also play an important role. In the common law tradition of India and Pakistan，the prosecutor’s office does not hold an important position and even does not have an independent establishment. In addition，both countries are federal states，and the central government cannot fully represent the local authorities in handling specific cases. The establishment of procuratorates and the relationship between police and prosecutors vary among states and provinces. In terms of Iran，its procuratorate plays an important role，similar to those in countries such as China and Russia. However，the non-secular components of Iranian law，the large scale of the police department，and its complex relationships between the military and security departments，as well as the overall status of the judiciary，are different from other members of the SCO.