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北京自贸试验区制度创新及产业发展研究

文章摘要

北京自贸试验区的建设以制度创新为核心任务,通过制度创新促进产业发展,建设工作围绕科技创新、数字经济、服务业开放、京津冀协同发展等重点任务展开。北京自贸试验区挂牌成立以来,截至2023年7月共发布了63份有效政策文件。其中,各区县政府、“两区”建设办公室、区县直属机关等发布的政策文件共计25份,占比39.7%;而北京市政府、市级委办局等机构发布的政策文件共计38份,占比60.3%。通过分析自贸试验区出台政策的工具结构、作用周期、作用对象、作用强度、享惠企业类型等,发现自贸试验区政策结构须进一步优化,政策措施与产业发展适配度须进一步提升。进而,本文提出了五个方面的政策优化建议:一是改善政策结构,对重点产业和成长型企业的支持更加明确;二是加强市级产业政策统筹推进;三是加强关键服务业开放和服务贸易发展的政策支持;四是尽快出台数字贸易相关的有效政策措施,对接国际先进规则;五是高度重视文化产业、高精尖制造业、商务服务等重点产业的政策创新。

Abstract

The construction of Beijing Pilot Free Trade Zone takes institutional innovation as the core task,and promotes industrial development through institutional innovation. The construction work focuses on key tasks such as scientific and technological innovation,digital economy,opening up of service industry,and coordinated development of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei. Since the establishment of the Pilot Free Trade Zone,a total of 63 effective policy measures have been introduced. Among them,a total of 25 policies were issued by the governments of various districts and counties,the “Two Districts” Construction Office,and directly affiliated organs,accounting for 39.7%;The Beijing Municipal Government,municipal committees and bureaus,and other institutions have issued a total of 38 policies,accounting for 60.3%. By analyzing the tool structure,action cycle,policy object,intensity of action,and types of benefiting enterprises of the policies issued by the free trade pilot zone,it is found that the policy structure of the free trade pilot zone needs to be further optimized,and the compatibility between policy measures and industrial development needs to be further improved. Furthermore,this report proposes five policy optimization suggestions:firstly,improve the policy structure to provide more explicit support for key industries and growth enterprises;secondly,strengthen the overall planning and implementation of municipal industrial policies;thirdly,enhance policy support for the opening up of key service industries and the development of service trade;fourthly,promptly introduce effective policies and measures related to digital trade to align with advanced international rules;and fifthly,give high priority to policy innovation in key industries such as cultural industry,high-precision and advanced manufacturing,and business services.

作者简介
卢福永:卢福永,经济学博士,对外经济贸易大学北京对外开放研究院副研究员,主要研究方向为产业经济、国际经济与贸易、数字经济。