日本中世镰仓时代的长篇绘卷《玄奘三藏绘》是罕见的将整部玄奘传记图像化的绘卷作品,被指定为日本国宝。绘卷文字部分以慧立、彦悰撰述的《大慈恩寺三藏法师传》为底本翻译、改编而成,又增加了与窥基相关的内容。梳理词章中的明暗两条线索,可以挖掘出日本法相宗大本山兴福寺想要彰显祖师神圣性、建构宗派传承脉络、重振法相宗等深层意涵。
During the Kamakura era in Japan,the long volume,Genjō Sanzō E,is a rarely seen illustrated scroll that portraits the biographical life of Xuanzang. It has been designated as one of the Japan’s national treasures. The descriptive text on the scroll,“Kotobagaki”,is the translated and adapted from the writing of Daciensi Sanzang Fashi Zhuan which is written by Xuanzang’s two disciples,Huili and Yancong. The focus of Xuanzang’s jouney to the west seeking Buddhist scriptures accounts for two third of the total volume. The writing also highlights the glorious receptions after the journey;particularly the emphasis on the respects by two emperors at that time toward Xuanzang upon his return. This perspective is considered the main theme. There is also a secondary theme which quotes the writings or even the legends of another disciple,Kuiji,to advocate his talents and achievements as being the legitimate successor of the Faxiangzong. Furthermore,by doing so,it brings the emphasis on the heritage of Faxiangzong. This two themes embedded in the “Kotobgaki” reflect Kōfukuji Temple’s desires to manifest the sacredness of the ancestor Xuanzang,to construct the sect lineage and revitalizing the Faxiangzong.