和制汉语为日本制造的汉语词汇，分为传统国学范畴和西学译词两个范畴。近代西学东渐时期是日本和制汉语新词大量出现的重要时期。中日甲午战争后，中国从日本直接引进为数众多的西学和制汉语概念与词汇。然而，像“自由”“文学”“贸易”“法律”“偶然”这些中日通用的近代译词却并非出自日本人之手，而是由来华传教士或中国学者译介而来。本文以西学东渐为背景，从中国与日本两个方面对和制汉语进行探讨，同时对产生于中国的近代新词加以考察，从而明确在近代西学东渐过程中产生于中国的近代新词与和制汉语之间的区别与联系。
Japanese-Coined Chinese consists of two categories：traditional eastern learning and western learning. The so-called “dissemination of western learning to the east” was an important period in which many Japanese-Coined Chinese words appeared. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895，which was launched by Japanese imperialists，China borrowed a big number of Japanese-Coined Chinese words in order to introduce western learning to China. However，neology such as “freedom”，“literature”，“trade”，“law”，“occasionally” were translated by western missionaries or by Chinese scholars，not by the Japanese. This article discusses Japanese-coined Chinese from both a Chinese perspective and a Japanese perspective in the context of dissemination of western learning to the east，and further examines modern Chinese neology in order to clarify the connections and differences between Chinese neology and Japanese-coined new words.
