As the main economic form following the agricultural economy and industrial economy，the digital economy has gradually become a key force in restructuring global factor resources，reshaping the global economic structure，and changing the global competitive landscape. By constructing the high-quality development index of “the Belt and Road”，this paper finds that the high-quality development index of countries along “the Belt and Road” is gradually increasing，but the gap is also gradually widening. There are problems such as unbalanced economic development，challenges to environmental protection，and an urgent need to improve innovation capability. At present，Shanghai has obvious advantages in information technology infrastructure，geographical location and transportation network，open market environment and policy support，and rich human resources to promote the high-quality development of “the Belt and Road”. Therefore，in order to promote the high-quality development of “the Belt and Road”，we should vigorously promote the development of digital economy in countries along the Belt and Road，promote the integrated development of digital economy and green economy，and build a scientific and technological innovation cooperation mechanism.