伊拉克战争后，什叶派政党和民兵组织在伊朗的支持下迅速崛起，成为德黑兰扩展地区势力和左右巴格达政局的关键角色。其中，伊拉克“人民动员部队”的部分武装组织至今仍受伊朗“圣城旅”的操控，成为影响美伊（朗）博弈和两伊外交关系的重要变量。2020年初，圣城旅指挥官苏莱曼尼与人民动员部队下属的“卡塔伊卜·真主党”的首领穆罕迪斯双双遭遇美国“定点清除”。这一事件不仅是美国重点敲打伊朗海外军事活动的标志，也是伊拉克卡迪米政府整合伊拉克什叶派民兵组织、压缩伊朗势力的影响空间以及调整平衡外交政策的契机。后苏莱曼尼时代，人民动员部队及亲伊朗的什叶派民兵组织作为伊朗影响力延伸的工具性角色或可重塑，继而推动伊朗地区战略调整。
Following the Iraq War，Shiite political parties and militias experienced rapid growth with the backing of Iran，playing a significant role in Tehran’s expansion of regional influence and shaping the political landscape in Baghdad. Some armed factions within the Iraqi Popular Mobilization Forces remain under the control of Al Quds Force，serving as a crucial factor impacting US-Iran dynamics and diplomatic relations between the two nations. The targeted killings of Soleimani，commander of the Al Quds Force，and Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis，leader of Kata’ib Hezbollah within the Popular Mobilization Forces by US drones in early 2020 not only signify heightened American focus on Iran’s extraterritorial military activities but also present an opportunity for Mustafa Kadhimi’s new government to consolidate Shiite militias，diminish Iranian influence，and recalibrate foreign policy. In a post-Soleimani era，these forces may serve as instruments for Iran to advance its regional strategic realignments.
| Keywords： | Shiite MilitiasQasem SoleimaniPeople’s Mobilization Forces“Al Quds Force”“Kata’ib Hezhollah” |
