语言服务是以满足人类需求为目标的语言活动,语言教学服务更是面向学习者语言学习需求而开展的教学活动。国际中文教育正是以提供中文教学服务为主的语言教学活动,而“三教”问题则是高质量中文教学服务所必须解决的问题。以往研究多是从教学者视角开展分析,一定程度上忽视了学习者的实际需求。鉴于此,本文试图从语言学习需求和语言教学服务相结合的角度,来探讨该问题。需求分析可对教材编选、教学法设计提供有利参考,同时也有助于提升教师教学效率。语言服务以需求为导向,提高专门用途中文教师的培养力度,并适度培养本土中文教师;面向不同地域与类型的学习者,编选、开发具有针对性的中文教材;依据学习者的特征,综合使用各类教学法。
Language service encompasses activities that aim to fulfill human language-related requirements,while language teaching service specifically focuses on catering to learners’ language learning needs. International Chinese language education primarily focuses on providing Chinese teaching services,and effectively addressing the challenges posed by “San Jiao” is crucial for delivering high-quality Chinese language instruction. Previous studies have primarily analyzed this issue from an educator’s perspective,inadvertently overlooking the actual needs of learners. In light of this,this article endeavors to explore the problem from the angles of language learning needs and language teaching services. Conducting a needs analysis can offer valuable insights for curriculum development and teaching method design,ultimately enhancing the quality and efficiency of instruction. Language service should be learner-centric,emphasizing the training of teachers for specific purposes in Chinese language education and the appropriate training of local Chinese instructors. Researchers and teachers should collaborate to develop targeted textbooks based on the unique needs of learners in different regions. Within classrooms,teachers should employ a comprehensive range of teaching methods that align with the specific needs and characteristics of their learners.