The Boxer Codex，a representative Philippine ethnographic codex of the late sixteenth century，has become a hot topic of scholarly interest because of its East-meets-West character and the many unanswered questions. This article focuses on the 44 ethnographic images in the 97 pages of illustrations，exploring their schema origins and production process. The paper argues that the schema “couples and customs”，which was drawn by “Chinese artists”，derived from the “Adam and Eve”. The reason why the artist in Manila put the male and the female on one page is closely linked to the “Dance of Death”. In addition，an analysis of the sources and production of codex images provides a glimpse into the process of image production in the Philippines during the early period of Spanish colonization，and how the “Chinese artists” who were on the archipelago situated between East and West combined the European aesthetic of European book illustrations with the Oriental aesthetic of Chinese books and even ceramic decoration.