本文以东亚地区各类考古遗址发现的明代陶瓷为研究对象，结合历史文献与考古材料，讨论明代不同时期中国瓷器输出的特点与变化及其输入东亚各国的渠道，考察东亚各国陶瓷市场需求与中国瓷业生产的互动关系。在明前期和“空白期”，朝贡贸易为主，东亚瓷器贸易主要以琉球为中心。在明中期，朝贡贸易逐渐衰落，走私活动盛行，琉球转口贸易受到波及，但在东亚仍然占有重要地位，东亚各国输入的中国瓷器相对均衡。在晚明至明末，民间贸易逐渐取代朝贡贸易，西方势力参与东亚海域贸易，日本成为东亚各国与中国瓷器贸易的中心。从中国瓷业生产格局看，明中期浙江龙泉窑衰落，景德镇制瓷手工业产量和质量迅速提高，青花瓷成为东亚市场最受欢迎的瓷器产品，受海外市场需求刺激，明晚期漳州窑产品开始大量销往东亚地区。
This paper focuses on the Ming Dynasty ceramics discovered in various archaeological sites in East Asia. By combining historical literature and archaeological materials，it discusses the characteristics and changes of Chinese ceramics exported to East Asian countries during different periods of the Ming Dynasty，the channels for inputting to East Asian countries，and the interactive relationship between the demand in the ceramic markets of East Asian countries and China’s ceramic production. During the early Ming Dynasty and the “blank period，” tribute trade was the main trade，and the trade of East Asian ceramics was mainly centered on Ryukyu. During the middle Ming Dynasty，tribute trade gradually declined，and smuggling became prevalent，affecting the re-export trade of Ryukyu，but it still played an important role in East Asia，and the ceramic imports by East Asian countries from China were relatively balanced. From the late Ming Dynasty to the end of the Ming Dynasty，folk trade gradually replaced tribute trade，and Western forces participated in East Asian maritime trade. Japan became the center of porcelain trade between East Asian countries and China. From the perspective of China’s ceramic production pattern，the decline of Longquan kiln in Zhejiang Province occurred in the middle Ming Dynasty，and the production and quality of Jingdezhen porcelain manufacturing improved rapidly. Blue and white porcelain became the most popular ceramic product in the East Asian market. Stimulated by overseas market demand，products from Zhangzhou kiln began to be sold in large quantities to East Asian countries in the later Ming Dynasty.
