面对“一带一路”倡议下中国加快与拉美国家对接的紧迫需求，文化贸易可以成为促进中拉“民心相通”的具体抓手。提升中拉文化贸易是未来中拉经贸合作“提质升级”的重要方向之一。研究发现，拉美国家的文化产业具有如下特点：重视知识产权保护，产权保护制度颇具特色；重视文化产业发展，立法提升文化地位；文化管理体系较为健全，文化机构各司其职；文化体制异质性强且变迁过程复杂。21世纪以来拉美国家文化贸易的特征有以下几点。文化产品贸易方面：贸易规模相对较小，长期呈现逆差；文化产品出口构成中设计商品具有绝对优势；文化产品进口构成中设计和出版商品占主导需求。文化服务贸易方面：贸易增速远大于文化产品贸易；文化服务出口构成不平衡，主要为建筑、工程及其他技术服务；文化服务进口构成则较为平衡。拉美文化贸易发展的障碍则是：文化贸易促进的配套制度不足；文化遗产资源到文化贸易资源的转化率不高；文化资源分配不公阻碍了文化消费市场的扩大。基于以上发现，本文就如何推动拉美文化贸易实现更快更好发展提出如下建议：稳步促进地区文化贸易自由化，助推拉美文化贸易的整体发展；积极扶持中小企业发展，培育拉美文化贸易增长的内部动力；拉美各国政府应顶层谋划，在推动文化贸易发展方面发挥主导作用。
To meet the urgent need for China to speed up its ties with Latin American countries under the “Belt and Road” initiative，cultural trade can serve as the starting point for promoting the people-people bond between China and Latin America. To enhance the cultural trade hence constitutes one important direction for “upgrading the quality” of China-Latin America economic and trade cooperation in the future. This research finds that the cultural industries in Latin American countries have the following characteristics：they attach great importance to the protection of intellectual property rights，each having its own distinctive characteristics；they lay emphasis on the development of cultural industries，improving the status of culture by legislation；the cultural management system is relatively sound，cultural institutions responsible for their own duties；the cultural system is heterogeneous and the change process has been complex. The cultural trade in Latin American countries since the new century can be characterized as follows：in terms of cultural product trade，the trade scale is relatively small，showing a long-term deficit；in the composition of export，design goods have absolute advantages；in the import structure，design and publishing goods make up the dominant demand. When it comes to cultural service trade，the growth rate is far greater than that of cultural product trade；and the main cultural services exported are construction，engineering and other technical services. The obstacles to the development of Latin American cultural trade are：the lack of supporting systems for promoting cultural trade，the relatively low transformation rate from cultural heritage resources to cultural trade resources，and the hindered expansion of the cultural consumption market by the unfair distribution of cultural resources. Based on the above findings，this paper puts forward the following suggestions on how to promote a faster and better development of Latin American cultural trade：steadily promote the liberalization of regional cultural trade to boost the overall development of Latin American cultural trade；actively support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises to stimulate the internal driving forces of the growth of Latin American cultural trade；make top-level plans and play a leading role in promoting the development of cultural trade on the part of Latin American governments.
