当前，海洋国际合作已经进入了以海洋法律法规为基础的国际社会共商共治时期。以《联合国海洋法公约》等为法律制度框架，以联合国及其机构、主权国家政府机构、非政府组织及跨国公司等为行为主体，以海洋生态环境保护、海洋资源开发利用、海上安全、海洋科学研究、海洋文化交流等为主要合作内容的海洋国际合作与治理体系已经形成。推进海洋国际合作与治理成为全球普遍共识；合作渠道不断完善，形成了多层次海洋合作模式和机制；合作广度和深度持续拓展，实现了覆盖部门合作和战略合作的海洋务实国际合作。以中国、美国和欧盟为代表的全球主要经济体开展高层对话、实施行动计划，在海洋生态环境保护、海上执法、港口与海运合作方面进行了有益实践。以联合国为代表的国际组织致力于实现海洋可持续发展，在海洋信息交换与传播、海洋观测预报与防灾减灾等领域积极推动国际海洋治理。2021年，中国制定的《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和2035年远景目标纲要》提出深度参与全球海洋治理。2022年，第二届联合国海洋大会聚焦“海洋科学促进可持续发展十年”，欧盟发布了关于海洋治理的联合声明。
Currently，international maritime cooperation has entered a period of international consultation and co-governance based on maritime laws and regulations. An international maritime cooperation and governance system has established with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea，the United Nations Environment Assembly and the Agenda 21 as legal framework，with the United Nations and its agencies，sovereign governments，non-governmental organizations and multinational corporations as actors. The main cooperation contents include marine ecological environment protection，marine resource development and utilization，maritime security，marine scientific research and maritime cultural exchange，etc. Promoting international maritime cooperation and ocean governance has become a global consensus. The channels of cooperation have been expanded，forming a multi-level model and mechanism for maritime cooperation. Cooperation has been strengthened in both breadth and depth，and practical international maritime cooperation covering sectoral and strategic cooperation has been achieved. Major economies represented by China，the United States and the European Union have conducted high-level dialogues and action plans，and made useful practice in marine ecologial environment protection，maritime law enforcement，and port and shipping cooperation. International organizations，represented by the United Nations，are committed to sustainable development of the ocean and actively promote international ocean governance in such areas as ocean information exchange and dissemination，ocean observation and prediction，disaster prevention and reduction. In 2021，China proposed to further deepen its participation in international ocean governance in The Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan（2021-2025）for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035. In 2022，the Second UN Ocean Conference focused on United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development，and the European Union issued a joint statement on ocean governance.
| Keywords： | Maritime Law EnforcementInternational Ocean GovernanceInternational Maritime CooperationEcology and Environmental Protection |
