In December 2017，the Russian government issued the Federal State Program for the Development of Education（2018-2025），which identifies three urgent needs for educational development：improving international competitiveness，promoting the modernization of education，and building an innovation-oriented country. In order to meet these needs，Russia is actively conducting research on the theory and practice of educational assessment. Starting respectively from the three dimensions of learning outcomes，learning and educational environment and managerial effectiveness of the educational system，the study explains the important progress and development trends of educational assessment in Russia in the academic segments of pre-primary，basic，higher and vocational education by combining the data and information based on the evaluation and the application of the results of the assessment in the local and international assessment methods in Russia during 2017-2022. The results of the study show that the educational assessment and monitoring system established and implemented in Russia has played a positive role in promoting and facilitating the improvement of the quality of education in Russia. It is hoped that the present study will provide useful reference for the development and improvement of China’s educational assessment.