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2022~2023年智利发展报告:关键性改革接连受挫

文章摘要

2022年,智利新宪法草案在公投中被否决,新政府遭遇重大政治打击,民众信任度持续下行。总统博里奇改组内阁,传递出明确信号——逐步从激进左翼回归中间路线。税收改革主要针对高收入阶层与部门,但因可能抬高企业营商成本未获得通过。智利宏观经济在经历强势增长后退潮,陷入技术性衰退。“智利支持”计划大规模展开,旨在提振经济、加大对中小企业扶持以及完善社保体系。受到经济低迷、通胀率高企影响,智利贫困率有所上涨,社会抗议频发。中智双边关系持续深化。智利在区域合作与一体化上取得重要进展。

Abstract

In 2022,the draft of Chile’s new proposed constitution was rejected in a referendum,and the new government encountered significant political setbacks,resulting in a continuous decline in public trust. President Boric resorted to a cabinet reshuffle to send a clear signal of a gradual return from the radical left to the middle line. Tax reform is mainly aimed at high-income social stratum and industry sectors,but it has not been approved due to the possible increase in business costs for enterprises. After strong growth,Chile’s macroeconomic suffered a cold spell,and fell into a technical recession. The “Chile Apoya” program has been launched on a large scale to boost the economy,increase support for minor enterprises,and improve the social security system. Affected by the economic downturn and high inflation rates,Chile’s poverty rate has increased and social protests have occurred frequently. The bilateral relations between China and Chile have continued to deepen and advance. Chile has made significant progress in the process of regional cooperation and integration.

作者简介
芦思姮:芦思姮,经济学博士,中国社会科学院拉丁美洲研究所副研究员,区域合作研究室副主任,主要研究方向为新制度经济学、国际政治经济学、拉美公共政策。