受脱欧、疫情后续、俄乌冲突、持续高利率政策、劳动力短缺等多重不利因素的影响，2023年英国经济增长疲弱，甚至有衰退风险。持续的高利率环境不利于投资和消费增长，将进一步拉长英国经济低增长周期，使英国低增长和高通胀并存的困境愈加难解。衰退阴影下的英国面临若干经济社会问题：经济不活跃人口增加，劳动力市场面临压力；生活成本危机持续，罢工浪潮此起彼伏；居民实际工资水平下降，贫富差距和地区差距拉大；公共债务持续攀升，财政可持续性面临挑战。为应对这些问题，英国政府采取多种措施促进就业、刺激投资和消费，提振英国经济。
Affected by multiple unfavorable factors such as Brexit，the aftermath of the epidemic，the Russia-Ukraine conflict，continued high interest rate policies，labor shortages，etc.，the UK’s economy dwindled in 2023，at risk of recession. The continued high interest rate environment is not conducive to the growth of investment and consumption and will further prolong the low growth cycle of the UK economy，making the dilemma of low growth and high inflation in the UK increasingly difficult to solve. Under the shadow of recession，the UK is facing several economic and social issues：the economically inactive population is increasing，and the labor market is under pressure；the cost of living crisis has not come to an end，and a wave of strikes have occurred one after another；the real wages of residents have declined，and the gap between rich and poor and regional gaps has widened；public debt continues to rise，and the fiscal sustainability faces challenges. In response to these issues，the UK government has taken a variety of measures to promote employment，stimulate investment and consumption with the aim of boosting the UK economy.
