海洋生态文明示范区项目是一项重大议题,从这个项目设立过程中我们可以窥探出该项目是探索沿海地区经济社会同海洋生态环境和谐发展的科学新范式,也是我国海洋生态文明建设的“路线图”和“时间表”。本报告注重从顶层的制度设计与示范区的建设实践情况两个方面来梳理2018年及2019年中国海洋生态文明示范区建设领域的重要事件,并对示范区在海洋经济运行、海洋生态保护、海洋科技创新和海洋社会建设四个方面取得的一些进展和成就进行描述。与此同时指出目前海洋生态文明示范区建设的不足之处,主要包括:海洋产业结构布局不合理;海洋渔民生态环境保护意识匮乏;海洋环境保护力度不足以及海洋生态文明示范区机制不完善;等等。针对沿海地区海洋生态文明建设的既有问题,示范区需要对目前的发展做出一个梳理并重新拟定相应的顶层设计,即注重集约利用海洋资源,把海洋生态效益视作一个推动海洋经济可持续发展的重要抓手,从而实现海洋生态文明的全面推进。
The establishment of the marine ecological civilization demonstration area project is a major issue. From this issue,we can see that the project is a new scientific paradigm to explore the harmonious development of economic society and marine ecological environment in coastal areas,and also a “roadmap” and “timetable” for the construction of marine ecological civilization in China. This paper focuses on the top-level system design and the construction practice of the demonstration area to sort out the important events in the construction of China’s marine ecological civilization demonstration area in 2018 and 2019,and describes some progress and achievements of the demonstration area in the four aspects of marine economic operation,marine ecological protection,marine science and technology innovation and marine social construction. At the same time,it also points out the shortcomings of the construction of the marine ecological civilization demonstration area,including:the unreasonable layout of the marine industrial structure;the lack of awareness of marine fishermen’s ecological environment protection;the insufficient strength of marine environment protection and the imperfect mechanism of the marine ecological civilization demonstration area. In view of the existing problems in the construction of marine ecological civilization in coastal areas,the demonstration area needs to sort out the current development and re draw up the corresponding top-level design,that is pay attention to the intensive use of marine resources,regard the marine ecological benefits as an important starting point to promote the sustainable development of marine economy,so as to realize the comprehensive promotion of marine ecological civilization.
Keywords: | Marine EconomyHarmony between Human and OceanMarine Ecological Civilization Demonstration Area |