在受到疫情冲击之后，中国对外贸易重获平稳发展，在2020年成为全球货物贸易第一大国，贸易总额跃升为全球首位。与此同时，中国也致力于提高贸易便利化水平，促进与周边国家和地区的贸易合作，在多边贸易机制建设上取得了诸多成果。然而，随着疫情后国际环境的新变化，中国对外贸易面临的风险与机遇也将发生新的变化。本文通过对“贸易安全”相关文献的梳理分析，认为现阶段中国的贸易安全风险主要包括新冠肺炎疫情、国际贸易商品竞争乏力、多边贸易机制缺位等；同时，中国的贸易安全也在新航道和新通道的开辟、绿色贸易合作、多边贸易机制的建构上迎来机遇。
After being hit by the COVID-19 epidemic，China recovered the steady growth of its foreign trade，becoming the largest country in trade in goods and the world’s largest in total trade in 2020. At the same time，China is committed to trade facilitation，promoting trade cooperation with neighboring countries，and has made many achievements in the building of multilateral trade mechanisms. However，with the new changes in the post-pandemic international environment，the risks and opportunities facing China’s foreign trade will also undergo new changes. Based on the analysis of relevant literature on “trade security”，this paper argues that China’s trade security risks at present mainly include challenges from the aftermath of COVID-19，weak international trade competition，absence of multilateral trade mechanism and other factors. At the same time，China’s trade security also ushered in opportunities in the opening of new waterways and new channels，green trade to promote trade cooperation，and the construction of multilateral trade institutions.
