在巴基斯坦的历史上,女权主义意识的萌芽与争取独立的反殖民斗争密不可分,随着女性意识的觉醒,一些旨在维护妇女权利、保障妇女地位的组织逐渐建立起来。巴基斯坦建国后,鉴于妇女在独立斗争中的英勇表现以及不同女权主义思潮的涌现,妇女组织与国家的关系趋于缓和。20世纪70年代末,伊朗伊斯兰复兴运动明显影响了妇女运动的进一步发展,由此妇女组织与运动陷入低谷。这种情况直到20世纪90年代才得以改善。21世纪以来,受现代主义思潮的影响,有关女权主义的争论日益激化。如何提升女性地位,赋予女性权利,走出一条适合南亚妇女组织发展的道路成为社会关注的重要议题。
In the history of Pakistan,the budding of feminist consciousness is closely related to the anti-colonial struggle for independence. Along with the awakening of female consciousness,some organizations aimed at promoting women’s rights and protecting women’s status were gradually established. After the founding of Pakistan,the relationship between women’s organizations and the state tended to be smooth due to the heroism of women in the struggle for independence and the emergence of different feminist thoughts. At the end of 1970s,the Islamic Revival Movement in Iran obviously hindered the further development of women’s movement,thus women’s organization and movement fell into a trough. The situation did not improve until the 1990s. Since the 21st century,under the influence of modernism,the debate about feminism has become increasingly intense. How to improve the status of women,empower women and find a path suitable for the development of women’s organizations in South Asia has become an important issue of social concern.