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中国世界文化遗产2022年舆情监测数据分析

文章摘要

2022年中国世界文化遗产核心舆情数量连续4年下降,负面舆情大幅减少。遗产地舆情信息分布依然不平衡。世界遗产宣传展示利用、古建筑类世界文化遗产、列入中国世界文化遗产预备名单的遗产地安全、考古发现等受到社会的关注。舆情所见长城、大运河国家文化公园建设报道占比增加,国家文化公园建设、石窟寺保护、大遗址保护等成果丰硕。2022年度报道中国世界文化遗产相关信息的网络媒体占比下降,但各方面内容的报道数量全面占优。新媒体较传统媒体报道对象和内容更加均衡。澳门历史城区、明清故宫等成为境外媒体关注焦点。基于多年舆情数据观察,下一步建议遗产地保护管理机构做好舆情引导与处置,加强宣传,趋利避害;遗产保护管理机构应加强古遗址及古墓葬类世界文化遗产价值阐释与展示;专业科研机构应加强舆情综合分析研判,服务保护管理决策。

Abstract

2022 is the fourth consecutive year of decline in the number of core public opinions on China’s World Cultural Heritage. In this year,negative opinions decreased significantly,opinions regarding different heritage sites remained unbalanced. Special attention was given to social promotion,exhibition,and utilization of world cultural heritage,particularly in the category of ancient architecture. Furthermore,society expressed concerns regarding the stability and safety of heritage sites on the Tentative List,as well as archaeological discoveries. Reports on the construction of the Great Wall National Cultural Park and the Grand Canal National Cultural Park has increased. The construction of national cultural parks,preservation of grotto temples,and protection of Dayizhi(大遗址,meaning big sites)have yielded positive results. In 2022,the number of online media reporting on information related to China’s World Cultural Heritage decreased,while the number of reports increased. New media were more balanced than traditional media in terms of reporting objects and contents. The Historic Centre of Macao and the Imperial Palaces of the Ming and Qing dynasties have become the focus of overseas media. Based on years of public opinion data observing,it is suggested that as a next step,local heritage protection and management institutions should properly guide and handle public opinions,strengthen communication and avoid negative impacts from society,and should also promote the interpretation and valorization of the values in ancient ruins and tombs. Additionally,professional scientific research institutions should strengthen the comprehensive analysis of public opinions to serve the decision-making in heritage protection and management.

作者简介
张依萌:张依萌,中国文化遗产研究院中国世界文化遗产中心(中国世界文化遗产监测中心)副研究馆员,中国世界文化遗产监测预警总平台负责人,主要研究领域:中国世界文化遗产保护管理理论政策、世界文化遗产监测、长城考古与保护。