改革开放以来，中国近海捕捞业经历了“快速增长—波动下降—缓慢上升”的发展阶段。近海水产资源持续衰退、海捕能力严重过剩、海捕空间拓展能力有限、海捕渔船装备水平落后、海捕作业结构失衡、海捕渔民转产转业推进乏力、近海捕捞渔业执法能力不足等问题严重制约着现阶段中国近海捕捞资源开发工作。完善海洋捕捞法律法规体系建设、提升近海捕捞渔业执法能力、深入落实近海捕捞“双控”政策、加大近海增殖放流强度、加快推进转产转业工作、提高海捕技术科研水平、调整优化海捕作业结构是“十三五”期间中国近海捕捞业实现持续高效发展的策略选择。
Since the reform and opening up，China’s offshore fishing industry has experienced a fast growth，falling volatility，and slowly rising stage of development. Offshore fishery resources continue to decline，the sea to catch ability of excess，catch the space development ability is limited，sea fishing boats and equipment level backwardness，the sea catching operation structure imbalance，catching fishermen halt production gathers to promote such problems as lack of power，offshore fishing fishery law enforcement ability is insufficient seriously restricts the inshore fisheries resources in China at present stage development work. Marine fishing system construction of laws and regulations，promote inshore fisheries law enforcement ability，in-depth implementation of offshore fishing “double control” policy，increasing offshore proliferation discharge intensity，accelerate the conversion switch work，improve the level of the sea catching technology research，structure adjusting and optimizing the sea catching assignment is “much starker choices-and graver consequences-in” during China’s offshore fishing industry to achieve sustainable development and efficient strategy choice.
