2023年，主要发达经济体为应对通货膨胀，继续加息，通货膨胀随之出现了一定程度的下降。尽管面对持续的名义利率上升，全球经济依然表现出较强的韧性，主要国际机构上调了早期对2023年世界经济增长的预测值。但此轮全球经济复苏并非全面的经济复苏，增长呈现出的韧性主要来自服务业，主要经济体经济周期明显错位，全球贸易量也没有随之上升。发达经济体劳动力市场强劲，工资上涨仍在支撑通胀，“工资—通胀”暂未呈螺旋式上涨的原因在于美联储对通胀预期的控制。当前，全球经济增长依然面临通货膨胀、货币紧缩、地缘政治风险以及美国需求上升空间有限、中国内需低迷等诸多挑战。
In 2023，major developed economies continued to raise interest rates in response to inflation，which subsequently declined somewhat. Despite the continued nominal interest rate rises，the global economy continues to show strong resilience，with major international institutions revising upwards their earlier forecasts for world economic growth in 2023. However，this round of global economic recovery has not been a full-blown economic recovery，with growth showing resilience mainly from the services sector，with the economic cycles of the major economies clearly misaligned，and the volume of global trade not following the upturn. In developed economies，the labor market is strong，wage increases are still supporting inflation，“wages-inflation” is not spiraling up because of the central bank’s control of inflation expectations. At present，global economic growth is still facing many challenges，such as inflation，monetary tightening，geopolitical risks，as well as limited room for demand to rise in the United States and low domestic demand in China.
