Nagasaki has been incorporated into the Asian Trade Network built by Chinese Merchant since than 400 yeas ago and has since become an important strategic stronghold for them. It also became the starting point of Japan Chinese Community and the close cultural network between China and Japan is accompanied by the development of Chinese Business Network. Form the 17th century to the early 20th century，this paper aims to sort out the transnational trade and cultural network of the Chinese Merchant of Fujian Bang，centered on Nagasaki Fujian Huiguan and try to through this case to think about the following questions：1.What are the historical characteristics of the Chinese Community in Japan？2.What is the relationship between transnational trade networks and cultural networks？3.How to understand the relationship between the historical continuity，introversion and modernization of East Asian region？4.The identity of Chinese in Japan is really a kind of unique？