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2023年中国制造业数字化创新报告

文章摘要

大数据、云计算、物联网、区块链及人工智能等新兴数字技术为企业数字化创新赋能,提高竞争力已成为制造企业高质量发展的必由之路。科学地测度制造企业的数字化创新水平,是后续理论研究的基础,也是制造企业数字化发展的必然要求。本报告基于创新价值链理论,构建了制造企业数字化创新水平评价指标体系,利用中国上市制造企业数据,运用熵值法与莫兰指数分别对制造企业进行了数字化创新水平测量以及空间相关性研究。研究结果表明:按行业排名,计算机、通信和其他电子设备制造业领先于其他行业;按省份排名,北京、广东以及上海领先于其他省份;按空间相关性排名,中国各省份制造业数字化创新水平中,广东、北京和天津这三个省市呈现高—高集聚,江西呈现低—高集聚,内蒙古、新疆、云南和西藏这四个省区呈现低—低集聚,黑龙江和四川这两个省呈现高—低集聚。根据研究结果提出以下政策建议:加强创新要素数字化,构建数字化创新生态系统;加强数字技术的研发与应用;发挥优势地区辐射效用,增强区域数字化创新空间均衡性。

Abstract

It has become the only way for manufacturing enterprises to enhance their competitiveness by empowering enterprises with digital innovation through emerging digital technologies such as big data,cloud computing,internet of things,blockchain and artificial intelligence. Scientific measurement of the digital innovation level of manufacturing enterprises is the basis of the subsequent theoretical research,but also the necessary requirement of the digital development of manufacturing enterprises. Based on the theory of innovation value chain,this report constructs an evaluation system for the digital innovation level of manufacturing enterprises. Using the data of listed manufacturing enterprises in China,entropy method and Moran,I are used to measure the digital innovation level of manufacturing enterprises and study the spatial correlation. The results show that:computer,communications and other electronic equipment manufacturing leads other industries by industry ranking;in terms of the ranking of provinces and cities,Beijing,Guangdong and Shanghai are ahead of other provinces and cities;in terms of spatial correlation,the test results of the global Moran’s I show that the digital innovation level of manufacturing in Chinese provinces and cities is significantly positively correlated from 2016 to 2020,but not in 2021. The results of local Moran,I test show that,among the manufacturing digital innovation levels of Chinese provinces and cities,Beijing,Tianjin and Guangdong present high-high agglomeration;Jiangxi province presents low-high agglomeration;Inner Mongolia,Xinjiang,Yunnan and Tibet showed low-low agglomeration. Heilongjiang and Sichuan provinces showed high-low agglomeration. This report provides theoretical basis and reference value for measuring the digital innovation level of manufacturing enterprises,and provides relevant enlightenment for better driving the digital innovation of manufacturing enterprises. Based on the research results,this report puts forward the following policy recommendations:strengthening the digitization of innovation factors and building a digital innovation ecosystem;strengthen the development and application of digital technology;we will give full play to the radiating effect of advantageous regions and improve the spatial balance of regional digital innovation.

作者简介
谢卫红:谢卫红,博士,广东工业大学经济学院院长,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为大数据战略管理、数字化转型与创新、数字技术与产业变革、产业链安全及数据商业模式。
闫成银:闫成银,广东工业大学经济学院应用经济学硕士,主要研究方向为数字化创新。
邹玉坤:邹玉坤,广东工业大学经济学院博士研究生,主要研究方向为数字化创新。
王忠:王忠,博士,广东工业大学经济学院副院长,教授,硕士生导师,主要研究方向为数据要素流通与隐私规制、数字化转型与创新。