The generalization，softening and lack of transparency of China’s algorithm impact assessment are rooted in its ambiguous position. Defining the algorithm governance approach is the premise of clear position，and collaborative governance can be an effective approach for algorithm governance. As the starting point of collaborative governance，algorithm impact assessment should be understood as the basic mechanism of algorithm governance. It embodies the important characteristics of collaborative governance，including risk prevention rules and consequence accountability collaboration，pluralistic entities participating in governance，public-private law collaboration，etc.，which helps to encourage public-private entities to cooperate in governance and coordinate multiple safeguard measures through risk thresholds to achieve whole-process supervision and protect the development interests of algorithm technology. China needs to improve algorithm impact assessment based on its position and the characteristics of algorithm collaborative governance，including improving algorithm risk grading，forming a full-cycle dynamic assessment system，improving transparency，and building binary accountability based on risk and consequence.