In the era of carbon peak and carbon neutrality，achieving low-carbon and green development for enterprises not only helps to enhance their competitiveness，but also contributes to the high-quality development of China’s economy. This report uses data from 1497 listed companies from 2012 to 2021 to explore the impact of ESG management on their competitiveness from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. Research has found that ESG management can significantly enhance the competitiveness of enterprises，which is more significant in the eastern region，heavily polluting industries，and non-state-owned enterprises；Mechanism analysis reveals that ESG management by enterprises mainly enhances their competitiveness by alleviating financing constraints and increasing green technology innovation. The quantity and quality of green technology innovation can play a positive promoting role；From a macro perspective，the development level and corresponding policies of green finance will have a significant impact on ESG management and corporate competitiveness. Regions with higher levels of green finance development have a significant promoting effect on both；From the comparison before and after the release of relevant policies，it can be seen that ESG management has a more significant promoting effect on the competitiveness of enterprises after the policy is released. This article not only enriches the research on ESG management and corporate competitiveness，but also provides theoretical support and empirical reference for the government to formulate and improve current green finance development policies and lead social investment decisions.