2023年1月，法国政府公布了其退休制度改革计划。作为这次改革中最关键的措施，政府计划将退休年龄由目前的62岁提高到64岁。但政府的改革计划引发了民众的强烈反对，法国八大工会联合发起多次全国范围内的游行和示威活动，并且利用罢工向政府施压。在议会方面，由于在2022年的立法选举中，总统马克龙的执政党联盟未能获得绝对多数席位，该计划在议会的立法过程中也充满阻碍。本文拟通过梳理法国退休制度改革的背景，结合此次政府出现的种种失误分析马克龙可能采取的措施。
In January 2023，the French government announced its pension reform plan. As the most crucial measure of this reform，the government planned to raise the retirement age from the current 62 years to 64 years. However，the government’s reform plan sparked strong opposition from the French public，with the eight major French labor unions joining together to launch several nationwide demonstrations and using strikes to put pressure on the government. On the parliamentary side，the plan has been hampered by the failure of President Macron’s ruling coalition to secure an absolute majority in the legislative elections in 2022. This paper will analyze Macron’s possible actions in the rest of his presidency term by considering the history of the French retirement system and the failures of the current government’s steps in this reform.
