2022年，俄乌冲突加剧了国际局势的紧张和对立，地缘政治成为影响国际能源市场和各国能源战略调整的重要因素。为应对大国军事冲突引发的能源危机和重构能源安全环境，各国和地区纷纷进行了能源战略调整。从供给侧来说，核电不仅能凭借其高能量密度和高可靠性确保安全稳定出力，而且可以通过核燃料循环实现铀资源高效利用，特别是在储运环节，还可发挥燃料战略储备的安全保障优势，又可避免海上通道运输风险；从需求侧来说，核电与火电、可再生能源发电相比具有明显的经济性优势，同时不会产生碳排放；在市场环节，有核电国家可提高化石能源贸易谈判的交涉力，有利于抑制进口燃料和电力价格。在当前不确定的世界能源形势下，核能再次成为各主要国家的确定性选择。本文从资源禀赋、地理条件等地缘政治的视角，结合2022年全球核电政策、产业、技术、供应链发展的情况，剖析核能对能源结构安全、技术自主安全、产业链安全以及国际能源市场安全“重构”的作用和影响。
In 2022，the Ukraine Crisis has exacerbated international tensions and confrontations，and geopolitics has become an important factor affecting international energy markets and the adjustment of national energy strategies. In response to the energy crisis caused by military conflicts between major powers and to reconfigure the energy security environment，countries and regions have made energy strategy adjustments. From the supply side，nuclear power，with its high energy density and high reliability，can not only ensure the safety and stability of power generation，but also realize the efficient use of uranium resources through the nuclear fuel cycle，especially in the storage and transportation link，which can also play a strategic reserve of fuel security advantages，and can avoid the risk of transportation in the sea channel；from the demand side，nuclear power has obvious economic advantages compared with thermal power and renewable energy generation From the demand side，nuclear power has obvious economic advantages compared with thermal power and renewable power generation，and does not produce carbon emissions；in the market segment，countries with nuclear power can improve their bargaining power in fossil energy trade negotiations and help curb imported fuel and power prices. In the current uncertain world energy situation，nuclear energy is once again the definitive choice for major countries. This paper analyzes the impact of nuclear power on energy structural security，technological autonomy，industrial chain security，and the “reconfiguration” of international energy market security from the geopolitical perspective of resource endowment and geography，and the development of global nuclear power policy，industry，technology，and supply chain in 2022.
