2022年，日本劳动力市场总体呈现震荡回暖的特征，雇佣人数持续增加，完全失业率继续下降，就业率震荡上升，但各行业的就业恢复情况存在异质性。特别是受到疫情冲击之后，日本短期劳动力市场表现出以正式雇佣和非正式雇佣共同承担劳动力市场调节功能的特点。日本短期劳动力市场呈现的新特点表明日本劳动力市场模式改变。此外，日本劳动力市场运行的底层逻辑在于通过控制完全失业率的波动进而控制经济增长率的波动以保持经济的相对平稳发展。从某种意义上说，新冠疫情是改变日本企业雇佣惯例、提高劳动生产率的契机。日本劳动力市场的变化值得持续关注与研究。
The Japanese labor market shows a shock rebound in 2022，with a sustained increase in hiring，a continued decline in the complete unemployment rate，and a shock rise in the employment rate，but a heterogeneous recovery in employment across industries. In particular，after the shock of the epidemic，the Japanese short-term labor market exhibits the characteristic of sharing the labor market regulation function with formal employment and informal employment. The reason why the Japanese short-term labor market showed such characteristics is that the Japanese labor market model has changed. Moreover，the underlying logic of the Japanese labor market operation is to control the fluctuation of full unemployment rate and thus the fluctuation of economic growth rate in order to maintain the relatively stable economic development. The New Crown epidemic is in a sense an opportunity to change the hiring practices of Japanese companies and improve labor productivity. The future changes in the Japanese labor market deserve continuous attention and study.
