族际关系问题是多民族国家难以回避的历史与现实问题。作为历经冲突后处于重建状态的国家，今天阿富汗面临的相关问题更加令人担忧。本文将通过对阿富汗族际关系态势及其历史发展脉络的考察，探讨在阿富汗国家重建的社会结构中，族裔群体的形成、战争对族际关系的影响，各族的社会和政治目标可能得到实现的路径，以及族际关系的发展态势和未来走向，以期使更多人关注阿富汗族际关系问题，并为深入思考阿富汗早日实现民族团结、社会和谐目标的路径，提供点滴理论参考和个案支持。
The inter-ethnic relations is an unavoidable historical and practical issue in multi-ethnic states. As a state in the process of post-conflict reconstruction，the related problems facing Afghanistan today are even more worrying. Through the investigation of the Current situation and historical development of inter-ethnic relations in Afghanistan，this paper will explore the composition of ethnic groups and the impact of war on inter-ethnic relations in the social structure of Afghan state reconstruction，the ways in which the social and political goals of all ethnic groups may be met，as well as the development situation and future trend of inter-ethnic relations，in order to draw more atteation to the problem of inter-ethnic relations in Afghanistan. It also provides a little bit of theoretical reference and case support for the in-depth thinking on the path of realizing national unity and social harmony in Afghanistan.
