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美国视域下的上海合作组织

文章摘要

2021年是上海合作组织成立20周年,经过20年的蓬勃发展,上合组织取得了丰富的合作成果,并在2017年接收印度、巴基斯坦为正式成员后,成为世界上幅员最广、人口最多、实力雄厚的综合性区域组织,在国际和地区事务中的影响力持续提升。当今世界正经历百年未有之大变局,加上新冠疫情大流行的影响,国际格局演变持续加速。上海合作组织也面临着疫情长期化、成员国分歧加大、美国加大对中俄战略围堵等挑战。尤其是在2021年,美国从阿富汗撤军,上海合作组织开始第二次扩员,正式启动接纳伊朗为成员国的程序,该组织面临的地区形势和未来发展方向都有了新的变化。这也引起了美国的关注。作为冷战后全球唯一的超级大国,美国的影响在上海合作组织成员国境内及周边无处不在,并且是欧亚地区秩序演变的主要推动者之一。自上海合作组织成立以来,美国因素一直不容忽视。综合2021年美国各界对上海合作组织的态度可知,虽然总体上美国不认为上海合作组织会给其带来较大威胁,但对上海合作组织的动向,特别是中俄在其中的作用则始终保持着较高的关注和警惕。

Abstract

The year of 2021 marks the 20th anniversary of the founding of the SCO. After 20 years of vigorous development,the SCO has achieved rich cooperation outcomes. With The admission of India and Pakistan as full members in 2017,the SCO has become a comprehensive regional organization with the largest territory,largest population and strong strength in the world,and its influence in international and regional affairs continues to grow. At the same time,the world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century,and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is accelerating the evolution of the international configuration. The SCO is also faced with challenges such as the prolonged outbreak of the pandemic,increasing differences among member states and the US’s strategic containment of China and Russia. 2021,in particular,the US withdrew its troops from Afghanistan,the SCO expanded its membership for the second time and officially started the process of admitting Iran as a member. The regional situation and future development direction of the SCO have undergone new changes. This has also caused concern in the United States. As the world’s sole post-Cold War superpower,the US is ubiquitous in and around the SCO member states and is one of the main drivers of the evolution of order in the Eurasian region. Since the establishment of the SCO,the American factor cannot be ignored. According to the attitude of the US towards the SCO in 2021,although it does not believe that the SCO will pose a great threat to the US in general,it remains highly concerned and vigilant about the trend of the SCO,especially the role of China and Russia in it.

作者简介
刘畅:刘畅,中国社会科学院俄罗斯东欧中亚研究所助理研究员。
刘佳豪:刘佳豪,清华大学社会科学学院全球化研究中心研究助理。