The formation of China's socialist legal system，the reality of the distance between actual rule of law and the necessary rule of law，means that the operation of the court has become an important issue of concern to the theoretical and practical circles.The operation of the court is the operation of the state organization. Firstly，it is emphasized that the subject（court and judge）under the institutional background realizes the function of the system through understanding and applying procedures，which is a process of legal interpretation.The case file is a legal interpretation object and a legal interpretation tool with stable judicial elements，the file system is the framework for the operation of the court. This paper mainly analyzes the theoretical logic of the court operation from the perspective of the case file，reflects the legal framework's compliance with the file structure and the text、the file system under the macro framework. At the same time，it also introduces the logic of the court operation in the procedural practice of the case file in the microscopic view of judicial activities.