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从新一届希腊大选看民粹政党的新变化及其影响

文章摘要

2019年7月希腊议会选举结束后,希腊政坛重新洗牌,新民主党击败了阿莱克斯·齐普拉斯领导的左翼民粹政党激进左翼联盟,而右翼民粹政党金色黎明党未进入议会,希腊左右翼民粹势力备受打击,这一现象在2019年欧洲议会和国内大选及地方政府选举中均有表现。希腊国内政治经济形势发生变化,民粹政党的选举策略和主张趋于温和,激进左翼联盟政策失败引发信任危机,意识形态、阶级诉求以及组织模式的多元化,金色黎明党内部问题不断和新民主党成功的选举策略等因素使左右翼民粹政党发展落入低潮。这一变化不仅对希腊政党政治格局和欧洲一体化进程产生影响,还为欧洲民粹政治发展提供借鉴。

Abstract

After the Greek parliamentary elections in July 2019,the Greek political scene was reshuffled,with the New Democracy Party defeating the left-wing populist party Radical Left Alliance led by Alexis Tsipras and the populist right-wing party Golden Dawn failing to enter the parliament. Both the left and right populist forces in Greece were hit,a phenomenon also seen in the European Parliament and domestic general elections and local government elections in 2019. The change in Greece’s domestic political and economic landscape,the tendency of populist parties to moderate their electoral strategies and ideas,the crisis of confidence caused by the failure of the radical left-wing coalition,the plurality of ideologies,class demands and organizational models,the internal problems of the Golden Dawn Party,and the successful electoral strategy of the New Democracy Party have initiated a downturn in the development of left-and right-wing populist parties. This change not only has implications for the Greek party political landscape and the European integration process,but also offers lessons for European populist politics.

作者简介
游楠:游楠 北京科技大学马克思主义学院讲师,研究方向为欧洲政党政治、中欧关系、社会思潮。
史志钦:史志钦 清华大学社科学院国际关系学系教授、博士生导师,研究方向为中欧关系、比较政党与政府、社会民主主义。