2021年,我国在海洋立法方面取得的重要进展主要包括以下五个方面。一是颁布《中华人民共和国海警法》《中华人民共和国湿地保护法》;二是修订并发布《中华人民共和国管辖海域外国人、外国船舶渔业活动管理暂行规定》《渔业行政处罚规定》;三是多部涉海政策及规范施行,如《赤潮灾害应急预案》《渔政执法工作规范(暂行)》《海洋生态修复技术指南(试行)》;四是多部具有海洋发展指导意义的涉海规划出台并施行,如《海水淡化利用发展行动计划(2021—2025年)》《全国海洋生态预警监测总体方案(2021—2025年)》《“十四五”海洋经济发展规划》;五是2022年全国两会上政协委员针对2021年国家海洋法制发展的不足提出涉海提案。
In 2021,China will make significant progress in marine legislation in the following five aspects:First,the promulgation of the Marine Police Law of the People’s Republic of China and the Wetland Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China;Second,the Interim Provisions of the People’s Republic of China on the Administration of Fishery Activities by Foreigners and Foreign Ships in Sea Areas under the Jurisdiction of the People’s Republic of China and the Provisions on Administrative Penalties for Fisheries were revised and promulgated;Third,the implementation of many sea related policies and norms,such as the Emergency Plan for Red Tide Disasters,the Code for Fishery Law Enforcement (Provisional),and the Technical Guide for Marine Ecological Restoration (Trial);Fourth,a number of sea related plans with guiding significance for marine development were issued and implemented,such as the Action Plan for the Development of Seawater Desalination (2021-2025),the General Plan for National Marine Ecological Early Warning Monitoring (2021-2025),and the Marine Economic Development Plan of the Fourteenth Five Year Plan;Fifth,the two sessions of the National People’s Congress and the National People’s Congress put forward proposals on the future development of the country’s marine legal system in 2021.