意大利历来重视对生育权益的保障，其劳动者生育休假法律制度发展较为成熟，并且具有典型性。意大利劳动者生育休假制度经历初步发展、逐步扩大、实验创新和稳中求进四个发展阶段，包括禁止歧视原则、劳动卫生与安全的保护、休息制度、休假和经济待遇等多方面内容，已成为在保护对象、保护内容和保护水平等方面均表现突出的权益保障体系。2022年意大利应欧盟指令要求颁布第105号立法法令，在生育休假范畴进行了一系列制度创新，包括强化男性履行陪产假义务、提高育儿假津贴支付水平、扩大自治性劳动者生育休假保护范围、扩充对子女患有严重残疾或疾病的劳动者的保护措施等，目的在于帮助劳动者更好地平衡家庭与工作的关系。总体而言，第105号立法法令是对意大利现有生育休假权益保护体系的完善，标志着该国生育保障制度走向更高水平。
Italy has always attached importance to the protection of maternity rights and interests，and its legal system of maternity leave for workers is relatively mature and typical. The Italian maternity leave system has gone through four stages of development：initial development，gradual expansion，experimental innovation，and steady progress，including the principle of prohibition of discrimination，safety and health protection，rest，leave and economic treatment，etc. It has become an outstanding system of protection of rights and interests in terms of protection targets，content，and level of protection. The Legislative Decree No.105 was enacted in 2022 in response to the EU Directive，and introduced a series of institutional innovations in the area of maternity leave，including strengthening the obligation of men to take paternity leave，increasing the level of parental leave benefits，extending the scope of maternity leave protection for autonomous workers，and expanding the protection measures for workers with severely disabled children，with the aim of helping workers to better balance family and work. Overall，Legislative Decree No.105 is an improvement to the existing system of maternity leave protection in Italy and marks a higher level of maternity protection in the country.
