The article presents an organic picture of the profoundly new elements that emerged in the Italian political system following the results of the general elections held on 25 September 2022；this with reference to the success of the right-centre coalition，to the establishment of the new government led for the first time by a female prime minister，Giorgia Meloni，to the impact that such a result can also have on the political balance of the European Union system. In order to help the readers better understand the extent of these changes，the article synthetically recalls the previous political experiences made by Italy in the last thirty years with the succession of governments led by centre-left and centre-right coalitions and of governments led by so-called “technical” premiers that are not elected members of the national parliament. This reconstruction is complemented by the analysis of the limits demonstrated by the centre-left forces in the 2022 general elections which favored the success of the right-centre coalition. Particularly useful for the purposes of an adequate understanding of the “Giorgia Meloni” phenomenon，is the illustration of the specific path taken by the party she leads，the Brothers of Italy，from opposition-force to government-force and the principles that inspire its action. Principles which，following the success of her leader，pose the problem of finding a balance between the “tradition” that Gorgia Meloni intends to recover and the “novelty” that she intends to affirm for the entire Italian political system.