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后脱欧时代英国移民政策的转型与挑战

文章摘要

2021年,英国的入境移民人数和长期净移民人数继续减少,但与2020年受新冠疫情所致的最低谷相比,均呈现止跌回升的趋势。与2020年相比,与学习和工作相关的移民人数开始呈现上升趋势,基本恢复到新冠疫情前的水平。受脱欧和新冠疫情的双重影响,英国移民迁移趋势及典型模式出现较多变化,不仅净移民变化趋势被打乱,移入移民总人数低于往年,移民就业人口数据也出现较多波动。为遏制新冠疫情和应对脱欧的影响,在移民管理领域,英国政府采取了措施对人口迁移实施管控,大力推行了基于积分制和薪资门槛的新移民政策。2021年,英国移民情况的发展,既受到新冠疫情引发的危机作用,也受到脱欧导致的新移民政策系统的影响。

Abstract

In 2021,the number of inbound immigration and long-term net immigration to the UK will continue to decrease,but compared with the lowest trough caused by COVID-19 coronavirus pneumonia in 2020,both show a trend of rebounding. Compared with 2020,the number of immigrants related to study and work has begun to show an upward trend,basically returning to the level before the new crown epidemic. Affected by the double impact of the UK’s departure from the European Union and COVID-19 coronavirus pneumonia,There have been many changes in the migration trend and typical patterns of British immigrants. Not only is the total number of immigrants lower than in previous years,but the trend of net immigration has been disrupted,and the data on the immigrant employment population has also fluctuated more. To contain COVID-19 coronavirus pneumonia and deal with the impact of Brexit,In the field of immigration management,the British government has taken measures to control population migration,and vigorously promoted a new immigration plan based on the points system and salary threshold. In 2021,the development of the immigration situation in the UK will be affected by both the crisis caused by COVID-19 coronavirus pneumonia and the new immigration policy caused by Brexit.

作者简介
刘春燕:刘春燕,博士,广东外语外贸大学社会与公共管理学院教授、硕士生导师,国际移民研究中心研究员,主要研究方向为社会政策、社会工作、移民问题。
黄崇晴:黄崇晴,广东外语外贸大学社会与公共管理学院社会工作专业硕士生。