In 2021，migration to the European Union was on the rise again. Led by the Central Mediterranean Route，there has been a retaliatory increase in illegal arrivals. This essay aims to provide a brief introduction and an analysis of the problem of irregular migration in Italy under the prevention and control of the pandemic. In the first place，it reveals that the retaliatory growth of irregular migrants has caused enormous pressure on Italy in terms of migrant reception. In addition，the guarantee of migrants’ rights under pandemic prevention and control has also become a prominent issue. Secondly，it indicates that the changes in the political and economic situation in the countries of origin and boarding are the main reasons for this sharp rise. Among the three main boarding sub-routes：Libya has released a small number of its stock of stagnated migrants and some Egyptian illegal migrants have joined the flows from Libya to Italy；Tunisia’s political instability and destitution have led people to continue fleeing the country；and migration flows on the new route from Turkey to Southern Italy have risen due to the re-routing of migrants from the Middle East and the deliberate indulgence of the Turkish government. Thirdly，in consideration of the background characterized by pandemic prevention and migration control，the Draghi government has properly accommodated most of the irregular immigrants by conducting the Onboard Quarantine plan. Moreover，during the national vaccination campaign and the implementation of Green Pass，the government has also dedicated full attention to migrants，and therefore their basic rights have been protected by improving laws and making flexible adjustments. In the future，Italy will continue to seek cooperation with various parties in migration control and management，promote the reform of the Dublin system and the implementation of the Malta Agreement，and effectively deal with irregular migration.