在碳达峰、碳中和目标引领下，中国经济社会的方方面面将发生深刻变化，能源体系、产业结构和民生生活等领域的低碳化转型将为生态环境，特别是空气质量的持续改善注入新动能。“十四五”时期乃至未来更长时期围绕减污降碳协同增效，打好污染防治攻坚战是必然选择。本报告梳理了中国应对气候变化与大气污染协同治理的提出背景，认为温室气体与大气污染物协同控制是应对气候变化与大气污染协同治理的主要途径。进一步地，本报告厘清了协同控制的概念，提出了协同控制效应评估方法，并以北京市为案例，对其1998～2019年温室气体与大气污染物协同控制效果进行评估，展示了城市“减污”与“降碳”具有显著的协同性。本报告还分析了中国目前协同控制的体制机制建设情况，识别现存主要问题，并从加强制度衔接、重视基础数据融合、鼓励评估模型创新以及拓展协同控制管理研究范围等四个方面提出对策建议。
In the context of carbon peak and carbon neutrality，profound changes will take place in all aspects of China’s economy and society. The low-carbon transformation in the fields of energy system，industrial structure and people’s livelihood will inject new kinetic energy into the continuous improvement of the ecological environment，especially the air environmental quality. During the “14th Five Year-Plan” period and even in the future，it is an inevitable choice to fight a tough battle of pollution prevention and control around the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction. This report combs the background of China’s strategy for the coordinated control of climate change and air pollution，and holds that the coordinated control of greenhouse gases and air pollutants is the main way for the coordinated control of climate change and air pollution；Further，this report clarifies the concept of collaborative control，puts forward the evaluation method of collaborative control effect，and takes Beijing as a case to evaluate the collaborative control effect of greenhouse gases and air pollutants from 1998 to 2019，which shows that urban “pollution reduction” and “carbon reduction” have significant synergy. This report also analyzes the current system and mechanism construction of collaborative control in China，identifies the existing main problems，and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions from four aspects：strengthening system connection，paying attention to basic data fusion，encouraging evaluation model innovation and expanding the research scope of collaborative control management.
