The transnational spread of diseases has become one of the important signs of the changing nature of security in the post-Cold War era. With the development of globalization，health issues have gradually evolved into global collective security issues. The once separated concepts of health and security have become integrated，and the securitization of health issues has largely contributed to the evolution of global health governance norms. The International Health Regulation 2005（IHR 2005）tried to promote international health cooperation from the perspective of common security with the help of securitization，and promote the formation and spread of the concept of “global health security”. However，while securitization has increasingly become a tool for formulating and promoting global health policies，global health governance under the security discourse system has not fundamentally resolved the inherent tension between national sovereignty and global health interests. Meanwhile，it has faced four dilemmas of sustainability，appropriateness，equality，and spillover brought about by the paradox of securitization in the process of development.