Contemporary understanding of the social policy renders it as one of the methods of public regulation known as “the state of welfare”.The main nowadays goals of social policy are:·to strive to preserve physical, intellectual, spiritual and ethical potential of the country;·to make up a strong incentive for labor motivation which meets the legal market requirements and is oriented on the positive expanded reproduction of “human capital” of the country;·to create institutional and socio-economic prerequisites for the citizens, different social strata and groups affording to realize their needs and interests as well as to reveal their activity and disclose the personality;·it creates the preconditions for civil society, personal freedom, true democracy.In today’s changing world, there are two landmarks of social transformation for the countries being transformed - the social policies of the West and the experience of China.The social policy of Western countries as a landmark of social transformation for the countries undergoing social transformation is in line with the type of welfare state (Aleksandrova, 2009).Types of Welfare States1. Social-democratic civil state (Denmark, Sweden, Finland) is characterized by high level of social paternalism of the state and the minimum social responsibility of a person, has a high level of redistribution of profits on the following grounds:- equal social welfare of all citizens;- total employment policy;- high rates of taxes and benefits - low poverty rates.2. The conservative (corporate) social state (Austria, the BENELUX countries, France and Germany) is characterized by an even distribution of responsibilities for the citizens’ destiny between the state and the individual. The state guarantees social security, but it is carried out by citizens through a variety of insurance mechanisms (funds) at their own expense; there is a rational level of redistribution of profits; the state system has the following features:- the level of social welfare depends on the personal contribution to the insurance funds;- incomplete employment;- the level of taxes and benefits is moderate.The state does not assume basic social responsibility since the market independently copes with it.3. Liberal (limited) social state (Ireland, Great Britain, USA) is characterized by delegating maximum responsibility to citizens while the state provides only a certain limited social support. The high level of redistribution of profits and the state system are characterized by:- ensuring the minimum level of social guarantees for a significant part of the population;- relatively high level of employment;- high tax rates.4. Southern European (Catholic or Latin-Spain, Italy, Portugal, Greece, Latin America), in which the degree of responsibility of the state for its people is as low as in the liberal, and the necessary help for people is based on the principles of Christianity Morals and is obtained from close environment - family and relatives, communities, local authorities and in the last turn from the state. Such transitional model is poorly coherent with modern trends of individualization in social culture. The poverty level in some countries is 45% - 80%.In the context of further analysis, it is necessary to highlight the features of modern social policy in Ukraine as a country which is being transformed:- refusal of the paternalistic model (because of the limited financial resources of the state);- lack of another clearly shaped optimal model (through the residual principle of social programs funding).Aggravating factors for social policy implementation in Ukraine:(1) an unsolved problem of choosing adequate management system;(2) the specifics of legitimating the power in Ukraine;(3) deepening of the problems of property differentiation in the social sphere;(4) a wrong choice of the competitiveness model;(5) underdone cultural-historical subject;(6) growing anomie;(7) the need to change or correct the role of the state in social policy implementation;(8) the existence of the institutions of non-transparent adaptation of social guarantees to the development of the socio-economic environment;(9) the problem of choosing the way of social solidarity and social policy implementation.In view of the absence of clear guidelines regarding the selection of the optimal model of social policy as a factor of economic growth, and, consequently, overcoming poverty, the “Chinese development model” may be heuristic for developing countries ( Xu Lin, 2014).So, after collapse of the Soviet Union, among the factors that impede the formation of the middle class in the Ukrainian transitional society, researchers primarily single out the theoretical and methodological factors:- Ignoring the methodology of Marxism, in particular the thesis of the unity of productive forces and production relations, has devalued the scientific foundation of modern economic science. The factor of limited resources was put in the theoretical basis of Ukrainian reforms and the logic of past development was not taken into account ［the nature and level of production methods are meant). All this led to chaos in the Ukrainian reforms of the early 1990s, the consequences of which are still being eliminated (Suimenko, 2004)］.For example, some experts believe that it is China’s experience that would suit Russia more than others in developing strategic planning. To equal Britain or Germany, Russia is too lagging behind in terms of gross national product per capita, which means that it makes no sense to blindly copy their development models, but we must take them into account (Tolstoukhova, 2019).Among the key features of the Chinese model of economic reform, the importance of the approaches used to introduce new economic mechanisms, to ensure the functioning of a coherent system of economic change, should be emphasized (Dingui Huang, 2016). The following five most important principles underlying the development and implementation of Chinese reforms are highlighted by experts (Galagan, 2016).1. Focus on long-term goals. At the core of this principle is the gradual modernization of the national economy in the transition to market principles. Moreover, it is the implementation of primarily easier changes, with the subsequent transition to more resource-intensive.2. Flexibility in developing formats for institutional changes. Close attention is paid to foreign and its own historical experience, however, not for “blind” copying of existing examples, but, above all, for adapting them to its own environment. Use of the “trial and error” method: testing solutions first in certain regions of the country, and with proven effectiveness, subsequent distribution to the whole country.3. Use of economic advantages of the country, focus on existing opportunities. During the first period of reforms, the demographic factor was actively exploited. Due to cheap labor, in particular, it became possible to use an export-oriented model of economic growth. Attractive conditions were created for foreign players to open modern production facilities in China, which allowed importing technological solutions, ensuring employment and progress.4. State capitalism (as opposed to socialist planning and free market capitalism). The dominant role of the state, which determines macroeconomic regulation, allows, however, certain sectors of the economy to function on market conditions. In addition, political leadership, concentrated in the hands of one party, provides an established vertical of power, as well as its continuity and stability for decades.5. Reliance on the masses of the population from the very beginning of the implementation of reforms. On the one hand, the first steps were immediately focused on the essential needs of ordinary citizens: solving problems with food and consumer goods, stimulating private entrepreneurship, including poor areas of the country, to ensure population income growth (Yashen Huang, 2012). On the other hand, much attention is paid to the implementation of social programs, the use of “soft power”, China’s choice of its own path is emphasized, its own spiritual traditions are analyzed to revive them in a new quality in modern conditions.Considering these principles in more detail, one should answer the question: what can the world community as a whole and developing countries in particular learn from China in terms of realization social policy and implementing an economic growth strategy?The international community can learn the experience of China’s development in the corresponding civilizational discourse. There are several components in this experience: materialism, protectionism, confucianism.1. The materialism of Deng Xiaoping. The essence of what was accomplished by Deng Xiaoping can be briefly described as a return to the Marxist postulate on practice as a criterion of truth. At this point, China was no longer supposed to correspond to ideas, but ideas to China (Salitsky, 2014).2. Protectionism of the Chinese government in the context of nascent globalization. In the West, in the late USSR and the new Ukraine and Russia, they underestimated the degree of scientific elaboration of the interconnected complex - strategies, policies, and practices in the PRC, including the issues of coordinating the world economic course with economic strategy and foreign policy. At the same time, the achievements of the Chinese inventory of foreign sociology and political economy were missed.Western rhetoric about globalization, picked up by Ukrainian and Russian reformers, and which, as Immanuel Wallerstein (2001) wrote, was one of the external causes of the collapse of the socialist camp in Europe and the collapse of the USSR, much earlier, from the very beginning of the reforms in the late 1970s, demanded that China should develop appropriate tools to counteract the destructive influence from outside. Therefore, the country turned out to be more prepared for the events of the 1990s and came out of numerous challenges with honor (Chinese Civilization, 2014).In globalization in China, threats and opportunities were discerned from the very beginning. On the one hand, globalization was perceived as a global economic competition from which there is no escape, and on the other hand, as an interaction in which both sides benefit. From adaptation to the world economy, the country was gradually moving towards its development - in contrast to integration into the world economy in Ukraine, Russia and other countries of the post-Soviet space, which destroyed the manufacturing industry of these countries.3. The fundamental basis for China’s success is Confucianism. The key to China’s contemporary world-wide success is the skillful combination of tradition and innovation in the modernization process.In the modern history of the PRC, the Chinese concept of globalization and the experience of a strategy for socio-economic development have heuristic potential for developing countries.The Chinese concept of globalization is based on the need to separate the economic and political components of this process. The political component is considered as currently unacceptable for China, the process fraught with increased interference by leading Western countries in the internal affairs of China. Economic globalization is seen in China as an objective and inevitable process, requiring active influence on it from China in accordance with the objectives of national development. Such an impact is in the framework of an active foreign economic policy aimed at strengthening the country’s position in the global economy. Based on its economic and political interests, China will intensify its participation in international economic organizations, multilateral consultative mechanisms, regional integration processes, primarily in the Asia-Pacific region, thereby exerting a growing influence on the development directions of world economic cooperation (Lyubomudrov, 2011).The economic strengthening of China is based on the use of not only external, but also internal development factors, the importance of which is increasing in conditions of crisis in the world economy. The example of the PRC demonstrates the advantages of this approach. The country manages to maintain high dynamics of economic development during all years of the reform policy, including the period of the global economic crisis. Among the internal factors ensuring the stable growth of China is, first of all, the presence of a long-term development strategy. Such a strategy involves an accurate assessment of development goals, resource assessment, development of a mechanism for the implementation of target settings. Other important internal factors of China’s economic strength include the high rate of accumulation and the faster development of the investment process compared to non-production costs. Although China is one of the world’s leading recipients of foreign investment, the vast majority of investment is generated from domestic investment sources. An important factor in the country’s economic growth is the presence of a huge labor force, however, the gradual aging of the population leads to an increase in the burden on young generations and reduces the importance of this factor, which provides comparative advantages for China (Lyubomudrov, 2011).A positive aspect of globalization and growing economic openness of an increasing number of national economies is the possibility of accelerated penetration into China of new technologies, capital, and advanced management practices. Successfully combining the model of import substitution and export orientation, China has managed to become a real competitor in world markets not only in the newly industrialized countries of Asia, but also in the most developed countries of the world.For China, one of the most important problems of socio-economic development remains urbanization and the question of the correlation of urban and rural population in the country. In China, urbanization and economic growth go in parallel.Nowadays according to McKinsey experts, China’s middle class has 55 million households. By 2025, their number can grow by more than four times and reach 280 million, which will make up ¾ of all urban households. Such an increase in the middle class in cities will create significant markets for industry, agriculture, transport and communications and the entire spectrum of the services sector, and cities will correspond to the type that is now prevalent in economically developed countries. In regulating migration processes in the city, state policy will be of great importance, which in the conditions of the PRC is able to determine the geographical direction of resettlement, as well as the preferred forms of urbanization - small and medium-sized cities or large urban agglomerations. From the point of view of urban development technologies, China has everything it needs, since it has developed metallurgy and is a leader in cement production, as well as produces all the necessary construction equipment. As evidence of the success of the Chinese construction industry may be considered the fact that in Shanghai there are already twice as many skyscrapers than in New York.Potentially dangerous is the aging of the urban population. Young people who came to cities in recent years during the period of economic growth and those who had previously lived in cities, strengthened their economic situation and began to buy housing. Since July 1998, the country has been implementing housing reform, which aims to stop free distribution of housing. Commercialization of this sector has led to the fact that the proportion of economical housing instead of the planned 60%-70% has fallen to an average of 20% in the country (Berger, 2009). Housing prices are the highest in the east of the country, especially in Beijing and Shanghai and coastal areas, that is, the most economically developed and attractive regions for migrants. In the future, a significant part of the urban housing stock will be populated by retired pensioners. There will be a problem where to settle new waves of immigrants from the countryside. Migrations to the city worsen the composition of the rural labor force, as young men are the first to leave the village. In the countryside and in agriculture, the proportion of elderly and women is increasing, which negatively affects productivity. At the same time, the urban labor force is better prepared than migrants from rural areas, visitors from the countryside get worse jobs. The social protection of migrants from rural areas is smaller in volume than for those registered in the city, so the flows from the village to the cities in the PRC create a complex of social problems that the authorities need to solve (Akimov, 2017).A significant increase in the overall economic potential, the growth of well-being of the population positively affected the political activity and public consciousness of the population. But along with the construction of a society of average prosperity and the expansion of the horizons of people, new needs appeared, a decrease in subjective satisfaction with life. China has fallen into the “trap of modernization”, marked by an increasing copying of Western consumer standards and a deviation from one of the most important ideals of modernization - equalizing the social and economic conditions of various population groups. Economic reforms, expanding the sphere of market relations, cannot but be accompanied by the spread of relevant values. Drastic changes are taking place in the public mentality, a contradiction arises between a new way of life and the culture that prevailed before (Perelomov, 2007).The market economy, asserting formal equality of opportunity, does not tolerate equal results; the pursuit of profit promotes the growth of production, but at the same time generates greed, selfishness, money-grubbing, spiritual callousness. Market competition is focused on the interests of a “strong” individual, an “economic person”, whose leading motivation is the desire to maximize personal gain. The priority of individual values is being formed and the confrontation between entrepreneurs and direct producers, the haves and the poor is growing. The market and the quasi-market have introduced a cult of money and material success into the life of Chinese society, which contradicts traditional moral principles (Kondrashova, 2014).With regard to the abovementioned, in the development and implementation of a social policy strategy as a factor of economic growth for developing countries, as well as in the potential elimination of “modernization traps” for China, the idea of a community of shared future for mankind is relevant. One of the ways to promote the idea of a “Community of Shared Future for Mankind” is presented below.1. First of all, it is necessary to correlate the vision of “A Community of Shared Future for Mankind” with the idea of sustainable development, which is common in Western society. It is important to find their common ground and show the undeniable advantages of the idea put forward by Xi Jinping.At the moment the concept of sustainable development is at the peak of relevance in Western science. As you know, the concept of sustainable development is a universal strategy for survival in the crisis of modern civilization, the symptoms of which became apparent in the middle of the twentieth century.2. To answer the question: what can serve as an obstacle to the implementation of a new idea? A comparison of the ideals of these two concepts reveals the existence of contradictions that cover various levels of the organization of social being, and which need to be paid attention at:·firstly, there is a group of contradictions of a universal, system-wide nature;·secondly, it is necessary to highlight the contradictions caused by the specifics of the dominant social relations (primarily production relations);·thirdly, there are contradictions at the individual level, determined by the characteristics of modern culture (for example, the massive dissemination of consumer culture) (Shiryaev, 2007).3. The process of resolving contradictions, taking into account already existing trends towards further globalization, involves:·if possible, the creation of a visa-free space (or to simplify the procedure for obtaining visas) that promotes freedom of movement;·standardization of culture;·the addition of all development vectors and, accordingly, the “historical destiny” that is common to all people. This circumstance is conditioned by the impossibility to solve global problems and ensure security without combining efforts from the side of all subjects of political power. In the world of the future, there is no place for private interests that are pursued without taking into account the consequences for other states.Xi Jinping stated during the Boao Forum for Asia in 2001 that building “A Community of Shared Future for Mankind” requires:·making sure that all countries respect each other and treat each other equally;·creating mutually beneficial cooperation and ways for common development;·striving to create a common, comprehensive, stable space for security;·ensuring universal participation and mutual exchange of experience between different civilizations (Brant Philippa).The achievement of mutual understanding in this matter among representatives of different states is possible provided that the potential of tolerance, dialogue, compromise, consensus is reached in getting public agreement regarding the necessity, as well as determining common ways and methods of building “A Community of Shared Future for Mankind”.