The problem of orthodox attribution caused by the overlapping of the emperors in Japan’s North and South dynasties has transcended the category of traditional historiography in modern times，and it was in agreement with the legitimacy of the Meiji Restoration and the rationality of “Revere the Emperor and overthrow the shogunate”. Through the revision of textbooks，the re-creation of the images of loyal officials and traitors，and the debates in the academic，educational，and political circles，the “Southern Orthodox Theory” became the mainstream. The “Southern Orthodox Theory” that violated positivism and objectivity is bound to the ideology of the Mikado system，which not only hindered the progress of modern Japanese historiography，but also had a far-reaching influence on the weakening of party politics and the strengthening the concept of the emperor-centered historiography.