For a long time，geographical，political and economic marginalization are the most prominent features of the South Pacific region.Contemporary Education Theory and Practice，Vol.9，2011，p.159">[1] This marginalization has directly led to the extreme economic backwardness of Pacific island countries.[2] The lack of human resources，the lack of economic development capabilities，and the huge potential in the natural resources sector in the Pacific island countries are prerequisites for the emergence of “competitive assistance.” “Competitive assistance” usually emphasizes on short-term effects，neglecting long-term influence，and has insufficient concerns about the real needs of the people of the island countries. This article believes that the “21st Century Maritime Silk Road” is a development initiative proposed by China according to trend of the times. It stems from the actual needs of developing countries and encompasses new values，development and cooperation concepts. It can pave an innovative development path that’s beyond “competitive assistance” for the economic and social development of Pacific island countries.