As a specific existence of nature，Mountain Fuji has the potential to become a national symbol and it is more easily recognized by Japanese people than abstract value. Based on the historical image and meaning of Mountain Fuji，the Edo Period conducted a series narrative reconstructions，including the reorganization of the gods of Mountain Fuji，the meaning construction of “The First Mountain of the Three Countries”，the integration of Mountain Fuji and Sakura，the life-oriented image of Mountain Fuji，which has shaped Mount Fuji as the symbol of Japan or Japanese spirit. Shaping Mountain Fuji as the symbol of Japan in the Edo Period is a typical representative of national symbol created by the sense of “fear” and the pursue of “ultimate” before modern times. The construction also reflects the change from relying on East Asian value to relying on self-value. The nationalization of Mountain Fuji has not only been inherited and developed in early modern Japan but also laid the foundation for the understanding of Mountain Fuji in late modern Japan.