“Hang Jiao” is generally known as “Guild” in the Civil business organizations in the Ming and Qing dynasty. At that time，only merchants in southern Fujian called “Guild” which was set up in Taiwan “Hang Jiao” or “Jiao” for short. This term is only used in the south of Fujian province，and it means the shipping merchants association active in Fujian and Taiwan，which was a special for of the trade between the two regions. The members of this association were mainland businessmen and Taiwan businessmen who went back and forth cross the Strait. Their main work was to wholesale，coordinate and handle the business of cargoes imported and exported. However，this civil organization with the nature of “Trade Association” was also willing to participate in，support or assist in the local public affairs，even to shoulder the responsibility of maintaining public security and defending their home village after they had economic and social prestige. Although “Hang Jiao” eventually declined due to the change of space-time environment and social background，it witnessed the glorious spectacle of close communication of cross-straits，and has become a major feature in historical and cultural development of Fujian and Taiwan.