人口是影响边疆经济社会可持续发展的全局性、战略性、基础性因素。七普数据显示：边疆地区人口规模呈现低速增长或负增长态势，少数民族人口增加；家庭规模呈现小型化趋势，性别和年龄结构区域差异明显；受教育水平明显提高，人口素质不断提升；城镇化水平持续提高，流动人口大幅增长。要积极应对我国边疆人口发展所面临的挑战，持续增强边疆人口资源禀赋，注重边疆人口与经济发展的良性互动；优化边疆人口空间布局，保障边境地区人口安全；合理配置边疆公共服务资源，建立覆盖全生命周期的边疆人口政策体系；实行差别化人口调节政策，促进人口与资源环境永续共生。
Population development is an overall，strategic and fundamental factor that affects the sustainable development of economy and society in border areas. This report summarizes the population structure characteristics of the border areas，analyzes the current and future development trend of the population in the border areas，and looks forward to the population development in the border areas from the aspects of coordinated and sustainable development of the population，social economy，resources and environment.
