Climate change is a major threat to the survival and development of human society in the 21st century. The adverse effects of climate change are often combined with other complex environmental and social vulnerabilities to exacerbate social tensions and even trigger conflicts and wars. Because of its special geopolitics and ecology，the Middle East is both one of the most conflict-prone regions in the world and one of the most vulnerable to the effects of climate change. The vulnerability to climate change in the Middle East is influenced on the one hand by the sensitivity of environmental systems and on the other hand by the vulnerability of social systems to adaptation. The potential security risks of climate change in the Middle East are broad and complex. In the Middle East，climate change will exacerbate existing tensions and humanitarian crises in the region by further exacerbating water shortages，food crises，energy supply-demand conflicts and public health risks. In the future，as the frequency and magnitude of climate change increase，more and more countries in the Middle East begin to participate in climate governance. Middle East climate governance should strengthen cooperation from four levels：government and civil，regional and international，so as to bridge the trust deficit in the field of regional governance.