20世纪30～40年代，外高加索的库尔德人作为“特殊移民”被苏联政府强制迁徙至中亚。中亚各加盟共和国对“特殊移民”库尔德人进行了接收和管理。由于政治上受压制，经济上被封闭，库尔德人一直处于社会的边缘，这一状况一直持续到赫鲁晓夫执政时期。50年代中期，苏联政府虽然对库尔德人进行了平反，但却不允许他们返回故地。为重归外高加索并恢复民族自治，库尔德人与多方力量展开了博弈，但受政治和社会因素的影响，他们的回迁问题一直未能解决。苏联解体以后，库尔德人回迁已不再可能，因此他们开始艰难地融入。库尔德人在适应新环境的过程中经历了从自我坚守到适应改变，再到族群身份和国民身份重构的普遍的文化适应过程。主流群体的不同态度对库尔德人日后在中亚各国的处境及发展也产生了不同的影响。
In the 1930s and 1940s，the Kurds，who moved to Central Asia as special migrants，faced a very difficult situation in the resettlement sites. In the mid-1950s，under the backdrop of a political thaw，the Soviet government rehabilitated the Kurds but did not allow them to return. In order to regain trans-Caucasus and restore national autonomy，the Kurds have launched a game with various forces，but due to the influence of political and social factors，the problem of their return has not been solved. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union made it impossible for the Kurds to move back，they have struggled to integrate. The Kurds have experienced a general process of acculturation，from self-preservation to adaptation to change，and then to the reconstruction of ethnic and national identities. The different attitudes of the mainstream groups also have different influences on the situation and development characteristics of the Kurds in the Central Asian countries
